Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion

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The healthcare industry’s acceptance of human error as a significant factor in preventable illness and mortality prepared the way for technology to emerge as one of the greatest life-saving innovations ever. It is impossible to dispute the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) contribution in this. The turning moment was their 1999 publication of the study titled To Err Is Human. The research claimed that since good people were utilizing subpar systems, mistakes were unavoidable. Up to 98,000 deaths that could have been prevented because of human mistake were as a result (Bates & Singh, 2018)Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion. Medication errors fall into this category and is the practice issue of concern chosen for this annotated bibliography. The purpose of this paper is to search for scholarly evidence on prevention of medication errors and present an annotated bibliography of four of the articles retrieved.

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Summary, Interest, Professional Experience

Medication administration errors (MAEs), also known as errors in medicine administration, are a quality enhancement concern in every healthcare facility. For a very long time, it has been known that nursing mistakes in the administration of medications contribute significantly to both morbidity and mortality. According to Simiyu et al. (2018)Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion, wrong time administration was the most common MAE at 51 percent. This is followed by medication documentation error at 29 percent and errors in technique of administration at 27.5 percent. My interest in the above topic stems from the fact that consequences of MAEs are so severe. I would therefore like to know how to avoid MAEs in practice. In my professional life I have experienced MAEs severally when colleagues and even I have forgotten to administer medication to a patient when it is due.

Database Search, Credibility and Relevance of Sources

A search of the following databases was conducted to retrieve evidence that supports preventive interventions against MAEs: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, and SciELO. The search terms and phrases used included “medication administration errors,” “prevention,” “nurses,” and “quality improvement.” These were combined with the Boolean operator “AND” and entered into the respective search engines of the databases. A total of 833 articles were found. After filtering and removing abstracts and ambiguous articles, 12 full-text articles addressing the issue specifically were left. Four of these have been presented below in an annotated bibliography. All the articles are credible as they are published in peer-reviewed journals. They are also very relevant as all are current and were published within the last five years.

Annotated Bibliography

Koyama, A.K., Maddox, C-S.S., Li, L., Bucknall, T., & Westbrook, J.I. (2019). Effectiveness of double checking to reduce medication administration errors: A systematic review. BMJ Quality & Safety, 29(7), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009552 Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion

The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic review of studies evaluating evidence of the effectiveness of double checking to reduce MAEs. The article was chosen because it is specific to MAEs and their prevention. Studies evaluating the use and efficacy of double checking on lowering medication administration errors in a hospital context were looked up in five databases. A total of thirteen research studies were examined, and double-checking adherence rates were reported to range from fifty-two percent to 97 percent of administrations. There is not enough evidence to support the hypothesis that double versus single medicine administration checks result in a lower incidence of MAEs or less harm. To understand if and under what circumstances double checking improves patient safety enough to justify the significant resources needed, more research is required.

Simiyu, K.N., El-Banna, H.M., Fattah, M.A., & Omondi, L.A. (2018). Nurses’ medication administration errors at medical surgical units. American Journal of Nursing Science, 7(3), 88-99. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20180703.12

The study purpose was to assess nurses’ medication administration errors at the general medical and surgical units. The article was chosen primarily because it presents findings on MAEs by nurses in medico-surgical units. A descriptive cross-sectional study methodology was adopted, and 100 nurses were proportionately recruited via stratified random sampling with the medical and surgical units serving as the strata. Each nurse was also observed twice while administering medication, giving the study a total of 200 observations. Data for the current investigation were gathered using two different technologies.

A hidden drug administration observation checklist and a questionnaire about medication administration errors were administered by the interviewer. In order to look for relationships between variables, data was gathered over the course of four months and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the study’s outcomes, 27 percent, twenty-three percent, and fifteen percent of the nurses who participated in it claimed that they had incorrectly provided medication at the wrong rate, at the wrong time, or after receiving a written order to stop. In order to understand and prevent MAEs by rationalized drug management procedures and guidelines, nurses must accept the incidence of MAEs as a patient safety indication. Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion

Weingart, S.N., Zhang, L., Sweeney, M., & Hassett, M. (2018). Chemotherapy medication errors. The Lancet Oncology, 19(4), e191–e199. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30094-9

The purpose of the article is to shed some light on the extent of medication errors with regard to chemotherapy, and how this can be prevented. The rationale for including this article is that it specifically addresses the practice issue chosen. Chemotherapy mistakes carry a potentially high risk of patient injury even though it is a well-established treatment option. In order to comprehend the scope and nature of medication errors in cancer chemotherapy and to discover efficient strategies to assist reduce errors, the authors analyzed published research from 1980 to 2017.

Chemotherapy blunders impact at least 1-3 percent of adult and pediatric oncology patients, happen at all phases of the medicine usage process, and occur at a rate of one to four per 1000 orders. Use of oral chemotherapy is one area where danger is particularly rising. The majority of therapies have scant empirical backing, despite the fact that many of them appear to reduce chemotherapeutic mistakes. To comprehend and reduce the risk of chemotherapy medication errors, more research is required.

Wondmieneh, A., Alemu, W., Tadele, N., & Demis, A. (2020). Medication administration errors and contributing factors among nurses: A cross sectional study in tertiary hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Nursing, 19(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-0397-0 Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion

The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and contributing factors of medication administration error among nurses in tertiary care hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. It was selected because it addresses the practice issue of MAEs among nurses in specific terms. This was a cross-sectional study involving n=298 randomly selected nurses. Two hundred ninety-eight nurses (98.3 percent) responded to the poll. Of them, 203 (68.1 percent) admitted to making mistakes with drug administration in the 12 months prior. At a p-value of 0.05, factors like poor training, a lack of medication administration guidelines, a lack of work experience, interruptions during medication administration, and night shifts were significant predictors of drug administration errors. In order to enhance the standard and safety of medication administration, it may be essential to retain more experienced nurses, provide continuous training on safe medication administration, make a medication administration guideline available for nurses to use, and create an environment that supports safe medication administration.

Conclusion

Rom this annotated bibliography, it is clear that MAEs are a present risk to patient safety. What are needed are evidence-based initiatives targeted at nurses for quality improvement since it is them that administer medications. The main contribution of the four sources analyzed in this annotated bibliography is the numerous recommendations that are supported by literature evidence for prevention Applying Research Skills In Medication Errors Essay Discussion.

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References

Bates, D.W., & Singh, H. (2018). Two decades since To Err Is Human: An assessment of progress and emerging priorities in patient safety. Health Affairs, 37(11), 1736-1743.
https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0738

Weingart, S.N., Zhang, L., Sweeney, M., & Hassett, M. (2018). Chemotherapy medication errors. The Lancet Oncology, 19(4), e191–e199. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30094-9

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