BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 5Homework Genetics Lab

• BIO FPX 1000 Assessment 5 Homework Genetics Lab

My Questions

Question:

What individuals would be affected by cystic fibrosis in the pedigree, and why?

Answer:

The individuals affected by cystic fibrosis in the pedigree are Arlene, Tom, Wilma, and Carla, as indicated by the darkened circles and squares. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder, which means a person must inherit two defective genes (one from each parent) to exhibit the traits of the condition. These individuals meet the criteria for inheriting both faulty copies.

Question:

Would Michael be normal or a carrier of cystic fibrosis? Why?

Answer:

Michael would be a carrier of cystic fibrosis. This conclusion is based on the fact that he has a daughter who is affected by the condition. For his daughter to have inherited cystic fibrosis, both Michael and his wife must carry one defective gene each.

Question:

Would Sam and Ann be normal or carriers of cystic fibrosis? Why?

Answer:

Both Sam and Ann are carriers of cystic fibrosis. This is because Arlene, their mother, is affected (and has two defective genes), while George, their father, is a carrier. Since both parents contribute one gene to their offspring, Sam and Ann each inherit one defective gene, making them carriers.

Question:

What is Ann’s genotype, and what is the probability that she could pass down the cystic fibrosis trait?

Answer:

Ann is a cystic fibrosis carrier, meaning her genotype is Cc (with C representing the normal gene and c the cystic fibrosis gene). Since Ann is married to Michael, who is also a carrier, their chances of passing down the cystic fibrosis trait are as follows:

• 25% chance of having an affected child (cc)
• 50% chance of having a carrier child (Cc)
• 25% chance of having a child without the defective gene (CC).

Chromosomal Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling

Question:

What is the gender of the fetus?

Answer:

The fetus is male, as indicated by XY chromosomes in the karyotype. The XY chromosome pair (23rd pair) signifies a male, while XX represents a female.

Question:

Are there any chromosomal abnormalities?

Answer:

Yes, there is a chromosomal abnormality. The karyotype shows an extra chromosome 21, resulting in three copies instead of the usual two. This condition is known as trisomy 21.

Question:

What would this chromosomal combination result in?

Answer:

Trisomy 21 leads to Down syndrome, a genetic disorder. Individuals with Down syndrome often exhibit characteristics such as:

• Developmental delays and intellectual disabilities
• Congenital heart defects
• An increased risk of leukemia
• Other physical and cognitive challenges.

Genetic Counseling Insights

Question:

What information might a genetic counselor provide to Ann?

Answer:

A genetic counselor would inform Ann that both she and her husband are carriers of cystic fibrosis. They would explain that each pregnancy comes with:

• 25% chance of having a child affected by cystic fibrosis
• 50% chance of having a career child
• 25% chance of having a child free of the condition.

The counselor might also discuss reproductive options, such as genetic testing or in vitro fertilization with embryo screening.

Question:

What information might a genetic counselor provide to Emily?

Answer:

A genetic counselor would advise Emily that her fetus is male and has trisomy 21, resulting in Down syndrome. They would outline what this means for her child’s health, including potential challenges such as:

• Congenital heart defects
• Developmental and intellectual disabilities
• The likelihood of requiring lifelong support.

The counselor would also discuss resources, support groups, and potential medical interventions to help manage the condition.