Discussion 2: PUB-655 Topic 2 Compare the primary causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from countries in two different sociodemographic index levels or economic regions.

Discussion 2: PUB-655 Topic 2 Compare the primary causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from countries in two different sociodemographic index levels or economic regions.

Discussion 2: PUB-655 Topic 2 Compare the primary causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from countries in two different sociodemographic index levels or economic regions.

Need Help Writing an Essay?

Tell us about your assignment and we will find the best writer for your paper

Write My Essay For Me

Topic 2 DQ 2
Assessment Description
Visit “Global: Both Sexes, All Ages, 2016, DALYs” on the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation GBD Compare Data Visualization Hub website. Compare the primary causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from countries in two different sociodemographic index levels or economic regions. Identify three social or political-economic differences that help explain the differences you observed. Discuss the utility of the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) measure as a composite measure of health. Why is the DALY helpful given the different categories of Communicable, Noncommunicable, and Injury when it comes to comparing mortality and morbidity?

ORDER A CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

Good News For Our New customers. We can write this assignment for you and pay after Delivery. Our Top -rated medical writers will comprehensively review instructions , synthesis external evidence sources(Scholarly) and customize a quality assignment for you. We will also attach a copy of plagiarism report alongside and AI report. Feel free to chat Us

Resources
Global Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies

Read Chapters 1 and 8 in Global Health: Global Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies.

View Resource
The DALY Show, Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY)

Watch, “The DALY Show, Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY),” by Kahn (Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies), locate… Read More

Sustainable Development Goals

Explore the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) page of the United Nations website. Study all 17 goals in preparation for a discussion q… Read More
http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
The Data Repository

Explore the Data Repository on the Global Health Observatory (GHO) page of the World Health Organization (WHO) website.

http://www.who.int/gho/database/en/
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation

Explore the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website.

http://www.healthdata.org/
Health Data Tools and Statistics

Explore the Health Data Tools and Statistics page of the Partners in Information Access for the Public Health Workforce website.

https://phpartners.org/health_stats.html
Global Burden of Disease

Explore the Global Burden of Disease page, located on The Lancet website.

http://www.thelancet.com/gbd
Causes of Death: Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Watch “Causes of Death: Global Burden of Disease Study 2015,” by The Lancet TV, located on the YouTube website (2016)…. Read More

The State of Global Health

Watch “The State of Global Health,” by Global Health With Greg Martin, located on the YouTube website (2013).

Global: Both Sexes, All Ages, 2016, DALYs

Explore “Global: Both Sexes, All Ages, 2016, DALYs,” located on the GBD Compare/Viz Hub page of the Institute for Health Metrics … Read More
https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/
Loom

Loom is a free video recording tool that allows you send messages through shareable videos. For assistance on installing the software or … Read More
https://support.gcu.edu/

ORDER A CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

Discussion Q2: Disability- Adjusted Life Years

Disability-Adjusted Life years (DALYs) are varied in various sociodemographic index areas or economic areas. This is determined by the political environment, and social and economic capabilities (GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators, 2018). WHO postulates that high socio- demographic index areas tend to have higher rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) compared to the low social index areas. This can be attributed to lifestyle and diet changes such as a sedentary lifestyle. High economic areas tend to have adequate and accessible healthcare services which are likely to translate to health outcomes with lower rates of communicable diseases. Injury rates tend to be high in high socio-demographic countries due to overcrowding impinging on the safety precautionary measures put in place or substandard working conditions. Low socio-demographic or economic areas could depict low injury rates due to a lack of a well-organized injury system. Politico-economic environment influences health. Adoption of policies by the government that promote access and quality health care would help positively impact infectious diseases. Different demographic factors are also compared

DALYs offer the best metric parameter to compare morbidity and mortality concerning disease burden for various areas. It can also be used to compare different interventions employed to gauge which offers the best outcome. DALY puts into consideration the “number of deaths” and ‘life impairment or one’s years lost to illness or disability. It enables a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease, incorporating age and gender.  This offers distinct and comprehensive comparisons for non-communicable, communicable, and injury among countries and regions. DALY has the disadvantage of not putting disease severity into consideration when highlighting morbidity. This may lead to overstatement or understatement of the burden. By including mortality and morbidity, DALY offers a true picture of health across different groups of people in comparison to their access to healthcare. Diseases such as NCDs which are influenced by economic status are best understood using the DALYs approach. A comparison of Disability-adjusted life years between Ethiopia and Brazil showed a significant difference. In Ethiopia, communicable diseases such as diarrheal diseases and lower tract infections were the leading cause of DALYs compared to non -communicable diseases like ischemic heart disease and stroke (Misganaw et al., 2017), just like countries within the same region. In Ethiopia, non-communicable diseases rank closely second after communicable diseases, with a trend toward non-communicable diseases. Disease adjustment life years is a practical approach to comparing global disease burden among different regions. It also offers useful analysis for interventions employed by stakeholders.

References

GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators. (2018). Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet, 392(10159), 1859–1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32335-3

Menne, B., Aragon de Leon, E., Bekker, M., Mirzikashvili, N., Morton, S., Shriwise, A., Tomson, G., Vracko, P., & Wippel, C. (2020). Health and well-being for all: an approach to accelerating progress to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in countries in the WHO European Region. European Journal of Public Health, 30(Supplement_1), i3–i9. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa026

Misganaw, A., Melaku, Y. A., Tessema, G. A., Deribew, A., Deribe, K., Abera, S. F., Dessalegn, M., Lakew, Y., Bekele, T., Haregu, T. N., Amare, A. T., Gedefaw, M., Mohammed, M., Yirsaw, B. D., Damtew, S. A., Achoki, T., Blore, J., Krohn, K. J., Assefa, Y., … Naghavi, M. (2017). National disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 257 diseases and injuries in Ethiopia, 1990-2015: findings from the global burden of disease study 2015. Population Health Metrics, 15(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-017-0146-0