Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper

Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper

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There is often a requirement to evaluate descriptive statistics for data within an organization or for health care information. Every year, the National Cancer Institute collects and publishes data based on patient demographics. Understanding differences between the groups based upon the collected data often informs health care professionals about research, treatment options, or patient education.

Using the data on the “National Cancer Institute Data” Excel spreadsheet, calculate the descriptive statistics indicated below for each of the race/ethnicity groups. Refer to your textbook and the topic Resources, as needed, for assistance with creating Excel formulas.

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Provide the following descriptive statistics:

Measures of central tendency: mean, median, and mode.
Measures of variation: variance, standard deviation, and range (a formula is not needed for range)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.
Once the data are calculated, provide a 150-250-word analysis of the descriptive statistics on the spreadsheet. This should include differences and health outcomes between groups.
APA style is not required, but solid academic writing  is expected.

The examination of lung and bronchus cancer incidence trends for the period 2000–2015 by race/ethnicity shows that disparities exist and are of considerable concern for public health. The Black (including Hispanic) group has the highest mean rate of 70.07 percent per 100,000 with a median of 71. 4, which shows that they have a higher risk of cancer than the normal population, even after a long-term follow-up.

Mean = (∑X)/N = 1121.1/16 = 70.07

Median = The middle value of the data point when sorted 71.4

This group also has a relatively large variability, with standard deviations of 6.53 and a range of 21.6, discussing trends in cancer incidences in the past years. Such data imply that more attention should be paid to this population regarding targeted interventions and increased screening rates (Davidson et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

Standard Deviation = √ ((∑(X-Mean)²/N = √ 587.83/16 = 6.53

Range = 79.0 – 57.4 = 21.6

On the other hand, the Asian/Pacific Islander (including Hispanic) group has the lowest mean rate of 38. 51 per 100,000 and the lowest variability, determined by the highest standard deviation of 2.31 and a range 7.0. This stable cancer rate within the group could be attributed to genetics, lifestyle, or the availability of preventive measures, but these have to be further investigated (Zanini et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

Mean  = 616.2/16 = 38.51

Standard Deviation = √5.32 = 2.31

Range = 41.8 – 34.8 = 7.0

The American Indian/Alaska Native (including Hispanic) group has a mean rate of 43. 28 per 100,000 with moderate variation, which is 5.10 in terms of standard deviation and a range of 19.7. This group’s intermediate cancer rates indicate that a more complex health strategy is required to reach both the high-risk and stable-risk groups.

Mean = 692.4/16 = 43.28

Standard Deviation = √25.99 = 5.10

Range = 51.7  – 32 = 19.7

The Hispanic (any race) & White (includes Hispanic) groups have a mean rate of 31. 49 and 62. 73 per 100,000, respectively.

Hispanic Mean = 503.9/16 = 31.49

White Mean = 1003.6/16 = 62.73

As such, their coefficient of variation is comparatively low, which could imply that cancer incidences are rather constant; however, more attention and additional national and regional interventions should be used to support these rates and, if necessary, counteract adverse developments (Skivington et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

Hispanic Standard Deviation = √(7.87/16) =  2.81

White Standard Deviation = √(24.53/16) = 4.95

Hispanic Range = 34.2 – 26 = 9.0

White Range = 68.8 53.2 = 15.5

References

Davidson, K. W., Barry, M. J., Mangione, C. M., Cabana, M., Caughey, A. B., Davis, E. M., … & US Preventive Services Task Force. (2021). Screening for colorectal cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Jama, 325(19), 1965-1977. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2779985

Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., … & Moore, L. (2021). Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions: gap analysis, workshop and consultation-informed update. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 25(57), 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614019/Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper

Zanini, S., Renzi, S., Limongi, A. R., Bellavite, P., Giovinazzo, F., & Bermano, G. (2021). A review of lifestyle and environment risk factors for pancreatic cancer. European journal of cancer, 145, 53-70. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920313770

The examination of lung and bronchus cancer incidence trends for the period 2000–2015 by race/ethnicity shows that disparities exist and are of considerable concern for public health. The Black (including Hispanic) group has the highest mean rate of 70.07 percent per 100,000 with a median of 71. 4, which shows that they have a higher risk of cancer than the normal population, even after a long-term follow-up. This group also has a relatively large variability, with standard deviations of 6.53 and a range of 21.6, discussing trends in cancer incidences in the past years. Such data imply that more attention should be paid to this population regarding targeted interventions and increased screening rates (Davidson et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

On the other hand, the Asian/Pacific Islander (including Hispanic) group has the lowest mean rate of 38. 51 per 100,000 and the lowest variability, determined by the highest standard deviation of 2.31 and a range 7.0. This stable cancer rate within the group could be attributed to genetics, lifestyle, or the availability of preventive measures, but these have to be further investigated (Zanini et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

The American Indian/Alaska Native (including Hispanic) group has a mean rate of 43. 28 per 100,000 with moderate variation, which is 5.10 in terms of standard deviation and a range of 19.7. This group’s intermediate cancer rates indicate that a more complex health strategy is required to reach both the high-risk and stable-risk groups.

The Hispanic (any race) & White (includes Hispanic) groups have a mean rate of 31. 49 and 62. 73 per 100,000, respectively. As such, their coefficient of variation is comparatively low, which could imply that cancer incidences are rather constant; however, more attention and additional national and regional interventions should be used to support these rates and, if necessary, counteract adverse developments (Skivington et al., 2021)Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper.

References

Davidson, K. W., Barry, M. J., Mangione, C. M., Cabana, M., Caughey, A. B., Davis, E. M., … & US Preventive Services Task Force. (2021). Screening for colorectal cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Jama, 325(19), 1965-1977. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2779985

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Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., … & Moore, L. (2021). Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions: gap analysis, workshop and consultation-informed update. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 25(57), 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614019/

Zanini, S., Renzi, S., Limongi, A. R., Bellavite, P., Giovinazzo, F., & Bermano, G. (2021). A review of lifestyle and environment risk factors for pancreatic cancer. European journal of cancer, 145, 53-70. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959804920313770 Evaluating Descriptive Statistics For Data Assignment Paper