HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Grand Canyon University HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

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How to Research and Prepare for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

After the introduction, move into the main part of the HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS Included After Question

Topic 3 DQ 1

Provide two different examples of how research uses hypothesis testing, and describe the criteria for rejecting the null hypothesis. Discuss why this is important in your practice and with patient interactions.

A Sample Answer For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For an idea to be a scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. (Hypothesis, 2021)

The hypothesis is an educated summation of the outcome between independent and dependent variables and the research process that will test the validity by analyzing the data. (Ambrose, 2018) Healthcare is the evolving study on the improvement of the quality of care. Questioning how to improve the quality is the 1st step. The prediction of the outcome between the two variables of dependent and independent is the hypothesis. With the variables identified, data collection is based on the variables. The research data will reflect the correlation but cannot prove causation that indicates a direct correlation between the cause and effect.

The null hypothesis is essentially the “devil’s advocate” position. That is, it assumes that whatever you are trying to prove did not happen (Hypothesis Testing, 2018)

The increased prevalence of cannabidiol oil (CBD) for pain control leads to a hypothesis. There has not been a study to reinforce nor disprove the statement that CBD use decreases pain. The theory of CBD use will reduce pain with regular consumption. The null hypothesis lacks the data for the relationship between the variables, or there is no effect on them. The data will reflect the patients that utilize CBD and have no pain relief. The alternative hypothesis indicates a relationship between the variables stating the decrease in pain by the subject that takes CBD. This data pattern can be interpreted to reject the null hypothesis, and if rejected, the alternative is accepted.

The use of alternative medicines has increased aromatherapy to reduce or prevent nausea in emergency room patients. There is no data to reinforce or disprove the hypothesis that the arbitrary resolves or decreases nausea in ER patients. The null hypothesis lacks subjective data to correlate the relationship between the variables and the direct effect. The data would be objective that using aromatherapy decreased or relieving nausea. An alternative hypothesis will show a connection between the variables reflecting the decrease or relief of sickness in the subject group. What is an idea?

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For an idea to be a scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. (Hypothesis, 2021)

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The null hypothesis is essentially the “devil’s advocate” position. That is, it assumes that whatever you are trying to prove did not happen (Hypothesis Testing, 2018)

References

Ambrose, J. (2018). Applied Statistics for Health Care. Grand Canyon University. https://doi.org/https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/applied-statistics-for-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/3
Hypothesis. (2021). Wikipedia. Retrieved April 28, 2021, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothesis
Hypothesis Testing. (2018). Laerd Statistics. Retrieved April 28, 2021, from https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/hypothesis-testing-3.php

A Sample Answer 3 For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

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I really liked your discussion post about hypothesis testing and its use in the health care field. Any evidence-based practices that are practiced by the health care professionals are derived from the hypothesis testing (Banerjee et al, 2009). As nurses, knowing and understanding the application of each practice and the research behind it can help in providing better care to the patients and this, in turn, can provide better outcomes and results from the treatment provided. An important aspect of understanding hypothesis testing is the null hypothesis and P-value.

The null hypothesis is a formal basis for testing statistical relevance and it states that there is no association between the predictor and outcome variables in a population (Banerjee et al, 2009). So, in an experiment, the data that are analyzed to determine the P-value, the probability of acquiring the study results if by chance the null hypothesis becomes true. Hence, if the P-value of the concerned hypothesis is less than a significant value, then the null value can be rejected but if the P-value of the concerned hypothesis is above the significant value, the null value cannot be rejected.

References:

Banerjee. A, Chitnis. U. B, Jadhav. S. L, Bhawalkar. J. S & Chaudhury. S. (2009). Hypothesis testing, type I and type II errors. Industrial psychiatry journal. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996198/

A Sample Answer 4 For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Thank you for sharing your thoughts about using hypothesis testing at your workplace. I came along the mnemonics below which might be helpful to you to remember the hypothesis testing when you perform a study, it is easy to follow, for Hypothesis Tests, recall the PHANTOMS:

P: arameter of interest

H: ypotheses

A: ssumptions/conditions/req’s

N: ame of test

T: est statistic

O: btain p-value

M: ake decision (if necessary)

S: tate conclusion in context

You can share others if you came along with different ones.

When a clinical trial begins, there is a belief or assumption which is to be proven or disproved. The belief or assumption is known as the hypothesis. A null hypothesis in a study states that there is no relationship between the variables. An alternative hypothesis shows that there is a relationship between the variables indicating it is the opposite of the null hypothesis. (Helbig & Ambrose, 2018)

A prediction between two variables is a hypothesis that identifies independent and dependent variables. However, correlations between variables do not always prove causation. A study is underway to determine if cells with high cholesterol levels are more susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus than low cholesterol cells. (Wang et al., 2020) A null hypothesis is important in this study to determine whether or not individuals with high cholesterol are more susceptible to lethal Covid infections to improve outcomes, decrease errors, and determine changes in practice to improve patient outcomes.

Another study in which the null hypothesis is critical is a double-blind clinical trial to research if high-dose vitamin D decreases the risk of pre-diabetic individuals progressing towards diabetes. (Niroomand et al., 2019)

These two examples are important in my practice and patient interactions because both diabetes and covid-19 are prevalent at this time. If simple medications and vitamins can be used to improve patient outcomes and health then it is important for nurses to be able to interpret this data.

References:

Helbig, J., & Ambrose, J. (2018). Applied Statistics for Health Care. Gcumedia.com. https://lc.gcumedia.com/hlt362v/applied-statistics-for-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/3
Wang, H., Yuan, Z., Pavel, M. A., Hobson, R., & Hansen, S. B. (2020). The role of high cholesterol in age-related COVID19 lethality. BioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.09.086249
Niroomand, M., Fotouhi, A., Irannejad, N., & Hosseinpanah, F. (2019). Does high-dose vitamin D supplementation impact insulin resistance and risk of development of diabetes in patients with pre-diabetes? A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 148, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2018.12.008

A Sample Answer 5 For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis and prediction are two different things, but they are frequently confused.

Both are statements assumed to be true, based on existing theories and evidence. However, there are a couple of key differences to remember:

A hypothesis is a general statement of how you think the phenomenon works.
Meanwhile, your prediction shows how you will test your hypothesis.
The hypothesis should always be written beforethe prediction.

Remember that the prediction should prove the hypothesis to be correct.

The purpose of an experiment is to gather evidenceto test your prediction. Gather your apparatus, measuring equipment and a pen to keep track of your results.

Example:

When magnesium reacts with water, it forms magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2. This compound is slightly alkaline. If you add anindicator solution to the water, it will change colour when magnesium hydroxide has been produced and the reaction is complete.

To test the reaction rate at different temperatures, heat beakers of water to the desired temperature, then add the indicator solution and the magnesium. Use a timer to track how long it takes for the water to change colour for each water temperature. The less time it takes for the water to change colour, the faster the rate of reaction.

1. CGP, GCSE AQA Combined Science Revision Guide, 2021

2. Jessie A. Key, Factors that Affect the Rate of Reactions, Introductory Chemistry – 1st Canadian Edition, 2014

3. Neil Campbell, Biology: A Global Approach Eleventh Edition, 2018

4. Paul Strode, The Global Epidemic of Confusing Hypotheses with Predictions Fixing an International Problem, Fairview High School,2011

A hypothesis is a general statement of how you think the phenomenon works.

I found an example study to use your suggestions: Effects of a fall program in the elderly. Fall programs are common adverse events experienced by elderly patients in hospitals. The article was published in 2019 and took place in Norway.

Example Study Hypothesis: A fall intervention program would reduce the rate of fallers in the intervention department (ID) compared to the department without the intervention.

Prediction in example study: fall prevention programs affect the rate of fallers, patient safety culture, and patient-perceived safety.

Purpose: gather evidence to assess the effects of a fall prevention program on the rate of fallers, the patient safety culture, and perceived patient safety

(Røyset et al., 2019)

I will try using the PHANTOM mnemonic too which takes some practice.

Reference:

Røyset, B., Talseth-Palmer, B. A., Lydersen, S., & Farup, P. G. (2019). Effects of a fall prevention program in elderly: a pragmatic observational study in two orthopedic departments. Clinical Interventions in Aging, Volume 14, 145–154. https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s191832

A Sample Answer 6 For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

The null hypothesis can be thought of as a nullifiable hypothesis. That means you can nullify it, or reject it. What happens if you reject the null hypothesis? It gets replaced with the alternate hypothesis. which is what you think might actually be true about a situation. For example, let’s say you think that a certain drug might be responsible for a spate of recent heart attacks.

The drug company thinks the drug is safe. The null hypothesis is always the accepted hypothesis; in this example, the drug is on the market, people are using it, and it’s generally accepted to be safe. Therefore, the null hypothesis is that the drug is safe. The alternate hypothesis — the one you want to replace the null hypothesis, is that the drug isn’t safe. Rejecting the null hypothesis in this case means that you will have to prove that the drug is not safe.

Reference

Stephanie Glen. (2020). Support or Reject Null Hypothesis in Easy Stepshttps://www.statisticshowto.com/probability-and-statistics/hypothesis-testing/support-or-reject-null-hypothesis/

A Sample Answer 7 For the Assignment: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

Title: HLT-362 Topic 3 DQ 1: PROVIDE TWO DIFFERENT EXAMPLES OF HOW RESEARCH USES HYPOTHESIS TESTING, AND DESCRIBE THE CRITERIA FOR REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS

The use of hypothesis in research has been used for a variety of reasons. One of the two selected examples l am going to discuss is in conclusions about parameters of interest. According to Weakliem, (2016), this method has been used in most research to evaluate theoretically based propositions about the value of a parameter. The theory is used to determine the ability to predict the exact value for a certain parameter. Usually, the proposition used is the value for an independent variable either positive or negative. The other type of example where research uses hypothesis testing is when determining the choice of the variables. One biggest reasons is due to numerous types of variables used in research that are not of theoretical interest. The choice of hypothesis testing mechanisms is excluded. By determining the type of control variables, the accuracy of estimates of parameters is reduced.

The criteria that most researchers rely on for rejecting null hypotheses is the principle of testing their validity. Weakliem, (2016) says most hypotheses are not credible because standard variables such as gender, education, marital status income to illustrate can at least be viewed to have some common association with an individual-level outcome that is of interest to social scientists In this case it is known that the null hypothesis is false, but if that’s not rejected by tests, it confirms that the sample was could not note the difference due to size of the sample that everything looked similar.
In the field of nursing, hypothesis testing is crucial on so many levels of care. Nursing is an evidenced-based oriented profession that relies on making changes and decisions based on the substantive and reliability of data or other scientific facts and knowledge. The models used for hypothesis selection provide researchers with the needed knowledge to thoroughly review evidence before a conclusion can be drawn. For positive patient care outcomes and safety over the health of the public, the hypothesis remains a fundamental part of the research, especially in clinical practice.

Reference

Weakliem, David L.. Hypothesis Testing and Model Selection in the Social Sciences, Guilford Publications, 2016. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/lib/gcu/detail.action?docID=4338859.

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