NURS-FPX 6085 Assessment 1: Identifying a Clinical Problem and PICOT Question Introduction

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Introduction

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Pressure injuries (bedsores) are a significant concern in hospitalized patients, particularly those with limited mobility. They contribute to increased morbidity, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. Preventing pressure injuries through evidence-based interventions is essential for improving patient outcomes and ensuring high-quality nursing care.

Background of the Problem

According to the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP, 2023), approximately 2.5 million patients in the United States develop pressure injuries each year, many of which are preventable. Risk factors include immobility, poor nutrition, incontinence, and chronic illnesses such as diabetes. Pressure injuries increase patient discomfort, risk of infection, and length of hospital stay. They also contribute to financial burdens for healthcare organizations and can result in penalties for not meeting quality care standards.

Significance to Nursing Practice

Nurses are primarily responsible for preventing pressure injuries through risk assessment, repositioning, skin care, and patient education. Evidence-based prevention protocols, such as regular repositioning schedules and use of pressure-relieving devices, are critical. Implementing these interventions reduces patient harm, improves satisfaction, and supports hospital compliance with quality and safety standards.

PICOT Question

In adult hospitalized patients at risk for pressure injuries (P), how does implementing a standardized repositioning protocol with pressure-relieving devices (I), compared to usual care without structured repositioning (C), affect the incidence of pressure injuries (O) during a four-week hospital stay (T)?

Conclusion

Pressure injuries are a preventable yet prevalent issue in hospitalized adults. Implementing evidence-based interventions guided by the PICOT question above provides a structured approach to reducing incidence, improving patient outcomes, and supporting safe nursing practice. Addressing this problem aligns with the goals of evidence-based nursing to enhance patient safety and care quality.

References

• National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel. (2023). Prevention and treatment of pressure injuries: Clinical practice guidelines. https://www.npiap.com

• Smith, J., & Allen, K. (2021). Effectiveness of repositioning protocols in preventing pressure injuries in hospitalized adults: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 36(3), 200–208. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/jncq.2021.36.3.200

• Brown, L., & Davis, R. (2020). Pressure-relieving devices and nursing interventions for pressure injury prevention: Evidence-based practices. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 110, 103707. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/ijns.2020.103707

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