NURS600 Assignment 3.3 Connecting Developmental Theory

• NURS600 Assignment 3.3 Connecting Developmental Theory

Introduction

Developmental theories hold immense value in patient care, regardless of a patient’s age (Damis, 2022). This assignment aims to identify, analyze, and explain the application of a selected developmental theory to a fictional patient case, focusing on its implications for treating elderly patients. As a Nurse Practitioner specializing in geriatric care and nurse management, I’ll explore how these theories contribute to crafting effective care plans for elderly patients, such as those with advanced Alzheimer’s disease. By addressing developmental and psychosocial needs, we can significantly enhance the health-related quality of life for such patients, a core takeaway from NURS600 Assignment 3.3.

Patient Case

Patient Profile

Mr. John Doe, a 78-year-old retired engineer, faces advanced-stage Alzheimer’s disease alongside type-2 diabetes and hypertension. Recently widowed, he now lives with his daughter, who is his primary caregiver. While his son lives in another state and visits occasionally, Mr. Doe struggles to manage his condition, relying heavily on his family’s support. His daughter, deeply involved in his care, monitors his physical and psychological well-being as dementia progresses.

Developmental Stage Analysis and Integration of Theories

Freud’s Theory: Addressing Behavioral Challenges

Though Freud’s psychosexual stages primarily apply to younger individuals, aspects of his theory are relevant to managing Alzheimer’s patients like Mr Doe. Anxiety and behavioral problems caused by implicit fears and conflicts can emerge. Caregivers can address these through calm communication, creating a soothing environment, and engaging Mr. Doe in calming activities to alleviate stress and promote security.

Erikson’s Theory: Integrity vs. Despair

Erikson’s stage of Integrity vs. Despair is particularly relevant to Mr. Doe. His advanced Alzheimer’s heightens the risk of despair, but caregivers can help him find meaning by revisiting his life achievements through reminiscence therapy. This approach fosters dignity and helps maintain a positive self-image, as outlined in NURS600 Assignment 3.3.

Piaget’s Theory: Adapting to Cognitive Decline

Although Piaget’s cognitive development stages focus on earlier life phases, understanding cognitive processes is crucial in managing Alzheimer’s. Structured routines, reminders, and engaging Mr. Doe in cognitive-stimulating tasks such as simple puzzles or familiar activities can slow cognitive decline and improve his daily experiences.

Vygotsky’s Theory: The Power of Social Interaction

Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory emphasizes the role of social interactions in development. For Mr. Doe, meaningful engagement with family members and participation in hobbies can promote emotional well-being and sustain his mental capabilities. Encouraging family visits and shared activities supports his overall health.

Smilansky’s Play Theory: Modified Therapeutic Activities

Though Smilansky’s play theory focuses on children, its principles can be adapted to benefit Mr. Doe. Activities like music therapy, art, or memory exercises based on past experiences can evoke positive emotions and stimulate his senses, enhancing his quality of life.

Bandura’s Social Learning Theory: Positive Reinforcement

Bandura’s emphasis on observational learning is applicable in Mr. Doe’s care. Caregivers can model positive behaviors and use structured routines to reduce agitation and promote security. Encouraging imitation of calming behaviors helps reinforce emotional stability and improves interactions.

Bowlby’s Attachment Theory: Fostering Emotional Security

Attachment theory underscores the importance of emotional bonds. For Mr. Doe, consistent, compassionate care from his daughter and healthcare team creates a sense of safety, reducing distress and fostering trust. This emotional connection plays a key role in managing Alzheimer ’s-related challenges.

Anticipated Treatment and Care Plan

Medical Management

Managing Mr Doe’s condition requires continuous medication and monitoring. Regular follow-ups and adjustments to his treatment plan help address side effects and maintain his overall health.

Psychosocial Support

Reminiscence therapy, involving storytelling and memory recall, can improve Mr. Doe’s sense of identity and purpose. As highlighted in NURS600 Assignment 3.3, providing emotional support to caregivers ensures they can manage their responsibilities while maintaining their own well-being.

Cognitive and Behavioral Strategies

Activities such as puzzles, music-based games, and behavioural modifications like redirection can help stabilize Mr Doe’s mood and cognitive abilities. These approaches support his mental health and reduce aggressive behaviours.

Social and Environmental Modifications

Enhancing Mr. Doe’s living environment for safety and accessibility is essential. Reducing the risks of falls and fostering social interactions with family or support groups can alleviate loneliness and support psychological well-being.

Conclusion

This assignment underscores the pivotal role developmental theories play in geriatric care. By integrating insights from Freud, Erikson, Vygotsky, and others, caregivers can craft comprehensive interventions addressing medical, social, and emotional needs. As reflected in NURS600 Assignment 3.3, understanding these theories equips healthcare providers to improve the quality of life for elderly patients like Mr Doe, offering dignity and care during their later years.

References

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