Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion

Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion

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Mentally-ill population

Psychiatric and behavioral disorders significantly burden public health because of the increasing number of morbidities and mortalities (Gross et al., 2019). Mentally ill patients have a disturbance in their cognition, emotional regulation, and behavior. These disorders are classified into neurodevelopmental disorders, mood disorders, disruptive behavior and dissocial disorders eating disorders, schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar. Mental health diseases are rising due to increasing poverty, violence, disability, indulgence in substance abuse and drugs, genetic factors, and psychosocial issues such as emotional outbursts (Gross et al., 2019)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. Despite the rise in the ill population, only 29% of these patients have access to health care services. These patient requires social and psychological support from their care providers, the community, and family members. The World Health Organization WHO has identified gaps in the mental healthcare system. It wishes to empower the care providers by strengthening psychiatry’s leadership, providing integrated healthcare services, promoting and preventing mental health disorders, and improving information systems. the assignment is a description of the challenges in treating patients with mental health disorders.

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PICOT QUESTION-in psychiatric patients, does patient follow-up compared to no follow-up improve the symptoms and promote recovery in a period of one year after initiating treatment.

Problem/population-psychiatric patients

Intervention-follow-up clinics

Comparison-no follow-up

Outcome-improve the symptoms and promote recovery

Time-one year

Problem Description

Good mental health is essential in coping with stressful events, having good relationships, working productively, and making a meaningful contribution to life. Most of these patients do not seek medical treatment because of poor judgment or insight into their medical condition. The majority who are self-aware are usually in denial and stigmatized for mental disorders (Ojha & Syed, 2020). According to psychiatric nurse practitioners, psychiatric patient follow-up is a burden because most of them do not return on the scheduled date. A psychiatric follow-up is a visit to the clinic after the initial consultation to focus on treatment and monitoring of the patient’s symptoms (Otto et al., 2021)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. The purpose of the first visit follow-up is to monitor the tolerance of the drugs and the side effects, usually two weeks after the initial treatment. During the scheduled visits, the care provider identifies and treats new symptoms, re-classify the diseases according to the DSM-V criteria, and updates patients’ medical records.

The Clinical Setting

Low-Turn-Out On Follow-Up Visits

The various classes of psychotropic drugs are effective in treating mental illnesses. However, most of these drugs have undesirable effects on the patient, making it difficult for the patient to continue with the treatment and attend the scheduled clinics. Other factors that make follow-up clinics difficult are poor cognitive function, such as the majority of them cannot remember the date and time of follow, lack of support from family members, the severity of the disease, geographical location, patient relationship with a healthcare provider, and communication barrier (Ojha & Syed, 2020). Additionally, psychiatric nurse practitioners’ inadequate staffing causes increased workload, burnout, and eventually, poor services and inadequate referral systems.

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Outcome Of The Issue

The need for follow-up is to identify the gaps in the treatment and evidence-based practice and stimulate research on the efficiency of various classes of medicine and the emerging co-morbidities in these patients. Most patients on follow-up do not identify the common side effects of psychotropics, such as weight gain, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance (Kowalchuk et al., 2019)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. These symptoms are the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases in psychiatric patients. In add-on that, psychotropics such as risperidone and other monoamine oxidase inhibitor have a significant contribution to heart disease. Mental health diseases in elderly patients are the leading cause of falls due to hallucinations, postural hypotension, and dizziness caused by psychotropics.

Solutions To The Problems

The readily available technological advancement should ensure a mandatory strict follow-up on all mentally ill patients by setting reminders to their phones to attend the scheduled clinics. All patients should provide details of contact tracing such as telephone number, postal mail, geographical location address, and next of kin details patient-tracing (Ojha & Syed, 2020)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. Follow-up on these patients helps in drug dose adjustment, protects the patient from medication errors such as adverse drug side effects, and monitors complications of psychotropics such as renal insufficiency, falls, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and suicidal attempts and ideation.

Training enough psychiatric nurse practitioners decreases the work load for the existing practitioner, and there will be good healthcare services in the appropriate patient-nurse ratio. Incorporating telehealth for psychiatric patients and nurse practitioners is an appropriate follow-up because the patient reaches out to the healthcare providers with a slight change of symptoms. Telehealth is the provision of healthcare services remotely. The care provider and the patient communicates over the phone, they share images or recorded messages, and the patient is required to record their vitals regularly, their blood pressure, weight, blood sugars, and heart rate on their telehealth app for the nurse practitioner to evaluate during their scheduled virtue meeting (Di Carlo et al., 2021)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. It benefits the patient and the nurse because it saves time and the cost of transport to the hospital. The patient gets a reminder to attend the clinic via email or text. It benefits the elderly by reducing the risk of falls and other hospital-acquired infections.

The telehealth app has formulated questions for monitoring the patient, such as the current medication and the side effects experienced, and questions for reviewing systemic symptoms, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, genital, urinary, and reproductive system, and cardiovascular. It has a scheduled physical visit for imaging tests, blood work, and physical examination. Besides saving time and cost, it also reduces the stigma associated with psychiatric diseases from other patients (Di Carlo et al., 2021)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. Family members are shy about associating with a patient with a behavioral disorder. Patients with severe psychiatric diseases should be admitted to monitor the symptoms and drug tolerance closely. Their primary caregiver should assist with their follow-up through telehealth.

Evidence-Based Research

Evidence-based research on the benefits of digital health and telepsychiatry shows that technology-based psychiatric and psychological interventions are better than physical and public health systems. They are easily accessible to the vulnerable population because they offer integrated services (Di Carlo et al., 2021). The patient follow-up turnout was higher compared to the physical sessions. Additionally, it is easier to monitor drug tolerance because the patients record daily symptoms. Technological barriers for the patient and care provider require a technician to train on using these tools. Health policies in all countries should address the social and economic disparities in  accessing digital gadgets, payment of hospital bills, medication, and psychotherapy sessions.

The Significance Of The Evidence Based Research In The Clinical Settings

Digitalized health services such as telehealth are beneficial to the patient and the care provide because they are cost effective and saves on time. The tele-health system  help the care provider in diagnostic classification according to the patients symptoms, vitals, current medications, and comorbidities (Snoswell et al., 2021)Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion. It also gives the care provider the appropriate drug and drug dosage for the patient with the possible side effects and warning of administration. It monitors the patients tolerance to treatment through the daily recording of the vitals.

Conclusion

Psychiatric and behavioral disorders significantly burden public health because of the increasing number of morbidities and mortalities. A psychiatric follow-up is a visit to the clinic after the initial consultation to focus on treatment and monitoring of the patient’s symptoms. Telehealth and digitalized healthcare services have a positive impact on psychiatric patients because they reduce incidences of stigmatization and saves on cost.

 References

Di Carlo, F., Sociali, A., Picutti, E., Pettorruso, M., Vellante, F., Verrastro, V., & di Giannantonio, M. (2021). Telepsychiatry and other cutting‐edge technologies in COVID‐19 pandemic: Bridging the distance in mental health assistance. International Journal Of Clinical Practice, 75(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13716

Gross, J. J., Uusberg, H., & Uusberg, A. (2019). Mental illness and well‐being: an affect regulation perspective. World Psychiatry, 18(2), 130-139. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20618

Kowalchuk, C., Castellani, L. N., Chintoh, A., Remington, G., Giacca, A., & Hahn, M. K. (2019). Antipsychotics and glucose metabolism: how brain and body collide. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 316(1), E1-E15. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00164.2018

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Ojha, R., & Syed, S. (2020). Challenges faced by mental health providers and patients during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic due to technological barriers. Internet Interventions, 21, 100330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100330

Otto, C., Reiss, F., Voss, C., Wüstner, A., Meyrose, A. K., Hölling, H., & Ravens-Sieberer, U. (2021). Mental health and well-being from childhood to adulthood: design, methods and results of the 11-year follow-up of the BELLA study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(10), 1559-1577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01630-4

Snoswell, C. L., Chelberg, G., De Guzman, K. R., Haydon, H. H., Thomas, E. E., Caffery, L. J., & Smith, A. C. (2021). The clinical effectiveness of telehealth: a systematic review of meta-analyses from 2010 to 2019. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 1357633X211022907. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X211022907 Psychiatric And Behavioral Disorders Essay Discussion