Nurs Fpx 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation

Global Issue Investigation

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The NURS FPX 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation provides an in-depth analysis of key healthcare challenges. Malnutrition in conflict-related regions is one of the world’s health issues that is becoming increasingly pressing; an issue that specifically indicates the issues raised by conflict, violence, and food security. Somalia has been among the more dramatic examples of such interrelation. Estimates of Somali children at risk of severe malnutrition between the ages of six months and age fifty-nine months, and the number of cases being life-threatening, stand at approximately 1.7 million and above 430,000 correspondingly in the year 2024 (IPC, 2024). Armed conflict and political instability also contribute to the problem of hunger as it ruins both agricultural systems and harvests as well as displaces a considerable number of individuals and it becomes challenging to get the needed supplies to the population by the aid organizations (UNICEF, 2024). The trend is also aggravated by the scarcity of water, constant warfare, and inflation of food prices that expose millions of people to food hunger and starvation. Regarding the current estimates, it seems that around 4.4 million Somali citizens are likely to find themselves in a truly problematic state concerning food shortages unless action is taken (UN News, 2025). The ongoing crisis explains the importance of the global relief efforts and common humanitarian assistance.

Description of the Problem

Global Prevalence and Scope

Hunger and malnutrition are one of the worst health-related problems that our world is presently enduring. It is estimated that about 149 million children below the age of five suffer malnutrition, whereby their growth is stunted, 45 million children are wasted, and 37 million children are overweight. Disturbingly, the proportion of nutritional deficiency-related deaths is rather high (approaching 50 percent) in this age group (WHO, 2024). In 2023, about 733 million people, or one in eleven people, were hungry. This was especially harsh in African states where one in every five citizens was unable to secure their consistent food supply (WHO, 2024). That was still spreading into this sixth year of ever-worsening conditions, with acute food shortages now affecting over 295 million people in 53 countries and territories, affecting 22.6 percent of the total population estimate (WFP, 2025). These discouraging figures underline the necessity of a concerted international action.

Disproportionately Affected Nations

In the context of the NURS FPX 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation, identifying health disparities is critical for nursing practice. Crises of hunger are much greater in certain regions compared to others. Somalia is among the worst, followed by others, including Yemen and Chad, with 44.1 scores at the global hunger index (Statista, 2024). Approximately 140 million people in 20 countries continue to be under armed conflicts, and the most serious cases are in the regions of Gaza, South Sudan, Haiti, and Mali. Sudan has gone to the extent of declaring a state of famine and malnutrition (Nation Thailand, 2025). In particular, the condition proves to be especially dangerous in Ethiopia, Yemen, and Sudan, where the prevalence of severe cases of maternal malnutrition grew by 25% in the worst-affected regions during the 2020-2022 period (World Economic Forum, 2023). Other emergencies that are happening one after another heavily underscore the need for humanitarian assistance that will be just offered on a large scale and immediately.

Regional Inequities

There is a high rate of malnutrition among children in one of the world’s regions. The highest proportion of children under the age of five years with poor growth can be found in Central and Southern Asia (36.7%) and sub-Saharan Africa (38.3%) regions. The world prevalence is large, with the severely underweight children being highest in Central and Southern Asia (56.2%) and around 22.9% in sub-Saharan Africa (UN Statistics Division, 2024). Over 80 percent of all the 39.6 million children estimated not to meet the stunting reduction targets by 2030 are in Africa due to the dramatic regional disparities (UNICEF, 2023). The prevalence of undernourishment in South Asia is alarming at 14.8 percent, and an intervention is needed to alter this. Over 2 million stunted children have been reported in sub-Saharan Africa since 2020 and 2022 (UNICEF, 2023). This kind of dynamic demonstrates that certain area-based strategies are needed to fight the crisis.

Population Most Affected and Socioeconomic Determinants

Socioeconomic indicators, especially household income, parental education, and community economic condition, are particularly likely to affect children in conflict regions and thus lead to malnutrition. The major social determinants are poverty, single-mother families, and a shortage of childcare services since bigger households tend to spend the available resources on fulfilling the nutritional and medical needs (Dahab et al., 2020). A very close association exists between food insecurity and economic instability, job insecurity, displacement, and physical disabilities such as handicapping disabilities contained in the low-income and middle-income countries. Also, social inequality with respect to gender levels points to the existence of the need to develop culturally sensitive interventions (Jiao, 2024). To generate long-term and effective solutions, it is necessary to address these root causes.

Cultural Beliefs and Geographic Factors

Somalia is a country that has age-old cultural practices and pastoral life, but that mostly cause conflict between communities that speak different languages, have different customs and lifestyles, which makes social instability persistent. The susceptibility of the country to natural hazards like prolonged droughts, flooding, and tropical storms, coupled with underdeveloped transport infrastructure and frailty of supply lines, restricts market reach and price control of foods between regions (UN News, 2025; WHO, 2024). The malnutrition crisis is fueled by a set of interrelating reasons, such as the interruption of livelihoods and population displacement into temporary living conditions and camps, where overcrowding fosters the risk of such infectious disease outbreaks (Canavate et al., 2020). These related challenges require multi-dimensional and coordinated intervention measures. If you are looking the first assessment of this class visit: NURS FPX 8024 Assessment 1.

Political Systems and Healthcare Access

Health infrastructure in Somalia is fragile, and the lack of robust centralized government has drastically constrained national regulation of health care facilities, to the direct detriment of less than one-third of the population having access to basic health care. Domestic healthcare has been decimated by years of armed violence, leaving a dysfunctional structure that is now largely offloaded into the hands of the private sector and non-government organizations with minimal government oversight (Gele, 2020). The long civil war has led to extensive destruction of medical facilities, limiting the available access to essential health care systems and putting vulnerable groups at an even greater risk of disease and malnutrition (Said & Kicha, 2024). Rebuilding a functional and resilient healthcare system is crucial to effectively combat nutritional deficiencies.

Nongovernment Funding Organization Involvement

International Medical Corps (IMC) – Emergency Medical Response

International Medical Corps targets the support of conflict-affected communities and internally displaced people in Somalia, with the major emphasis placed on women and children affected by acute malnutrition amidst the crisis. Strategies outlined in the NURS FPX 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation highlight evidence-based approaches to global health. They integrate their technique in taking care of more than the ordinary health emergencies, like mobile clinics, maternal and child health services, and quality management of acute malnutrition. Such initiatives have reached 40,000 children, and there was a decrease of 38% in the severe acute malnutrition in a year (IMC, 2025). The success of the program can be seen by the measurable results and community participation, facilitated by the training of the local healthcare providers, securing the sustainability of the program.

Action Against Hunger – Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) Distribution

Focused strategies to tackle acute malnutrition in Somalia are being implemented by humanitarian groups. Action Against Hunger offers critical care to acutely malnourished children below the age of five, pregnant and breastfeeding women in post-conflict areas. Without including 2022, the organization treated approximately a hundred thousand people with malnutrition and health-related conditions in one year (Action Against Hunger, 2022). Large-scale distributions of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), emergency trucking of water, and giving cash are some of their efforts. They are the second-largest partner of the Ministry of Health in addressing the needs of 112 health facilities and tackling the needs of approximately 1,500 health workers (Action Against Hunger, 2024). The program has proved to be very successful, with RUTF being able to cure a child within 6 weeks. Nevertheless, these interventions are threatened by global supply chains, especially those associated with the Ukraine conflict.

UNICEF – Mobile Health Team Screening

The mobile health strategy at UNICEF is crucial as an example of providing care to the most vulnerable populations. It targets children aged less than five years in remote locations and displacement camps with the help of mobile teams when it comes to screening malnutrition through mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements (European Commission, 2024). These teams go beyond carrying out early detection and referrals to also dispense Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and create caregiver education programs in 70 districts of Somalia (UNICEF, 2024).

Nurs Fpx 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation

The initiative has proven highly effective, achieving a 96% recovery rate among children treated with RUTF and providing care to more than 330,000 children suffering from severe acute wasting through early detection and community-based interventions (UNICEF USA, 2024). This scalable model offers a promising solution for addressing malnutrition in conflict-affected regions.

Culturally Sensitive Intervention

Nutrition education program organized by local community elders would be a good idea in Somalia, since it considers the wisdom of the gerontocracy system in this country, community elders are respected and valued in their communities, and consulted on matters of family and society. In this strategy, some influential women members of the older generation would be trained to impart culturally-relevant education on nutrition using the method of storytelling since this approach is highly regarded in the Somali community, as the written language was only established in the 1970s (EthnoMed, 2024; UNMAS, 2024). The plan would identify and train older women in respective communities to hold different classes in which men and women should be addressed separately to talk about child feeding processes. These meetings would combine Islamic teachings and folk nutritional knowledge and offer scientifically confirmed nutrition habits (EthnoMed, 2024; UNMAS, 2024). The model is culturally relevant in that it respects gender norms, affirms the power of elders, employs familiar oral communication traditions, acknowledges the role women play in household resource management and childcare, and preserves religious and cultural values.

Conclusion

Overall, completing the NURS FPX 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation equips students to address complex global health issues. Conflict, displacement, and malnutrition are closely interconnected in Somalia, and mutual action is needed on a broad basis. Although organizations such as UNICEF and Action Against Hunger have decreased acute malnutrition by using mobile health and RUTF, further steps to make the results sustainable will require culturally understanding patterns, including elder-led nutrition education. Long-term solutions also demand political stability, stronger healthcare systems, and restored food supply chains. Only an integrated approach can break the cycle of hunger and conflict threatening millions of vulnerable Somalis.

References

Action Against Hunger. (2022, October 9). Action Against Hunger reports a 55% spike in dangerously malnourished children in Somalia. Action Against Hunger. https://www.actionagainsthunger.org/press-releases/action-against-hunger-reports-a-55-spike-in-dangerously-malnourished-children-in-somalia/

Action Against Hunger. (2024, December 30). Somalia – Hunger relief in Africa. Action Against Hunger. https://www.actionagainsthunger.org/location/africa/somalia/

Canavate, R. M., Custodio, E., Yusuf, A., Molla, D., Fasbender, D., & Kayitakire, F. (2020). Malnutrition and morbidity trends in Somalia between 2007 and 2016: Results from 291 cross-sectional surveys. BioMed Journal Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033148

Dahab, R., Bécares, L., & Brown, M. (2020). Armed conflict as a determinant of children malnourishment: A cross-sectional study in the Sudan. BioMed Central Public Health, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08665-x

EthnoMed. (2024). Somali cultural background. University of Washington EthnoMed. https://ethnomed.org/culture/somali/

European Commission. (2024). Somalia: Mobile health teams save lives with early detection of malnutrition. European Commission Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid. https://civil-protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/news-stories/stories/somalia-mobile-health-teams-save-lives-early-detection-malnutrition_en

Gele, A. (2020). Challenges facing the health system in Somalia and implications for achieving the SDGs. European Journal of Public Health, 30(5). https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1147

Nurs Fpx 8024 Assessment 2 Global Issue Investigation

IMC (2025). International Medical Corps – First there, no matter where. International Medical Corps. https://internationalmedicalcorps.org/

IPC (2024). Somalia: Acute malnutrition situation for October 2023 – February 2024 and projection for March – June 2024. Integrated Food Security Phase Classification. https://www.ipcinfo.org/ipc-country-analysis/details-map/en/c/1156836/

Jiao, L. (2024). Social determinants of health, diet, and health outcomes. Nutrients, 16(21), 3642. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213642

Nation Thailand. (2025, January). UN reports global hunger crisis reached record levels in 2024. The Nation Thailand. https://www.nationthailand.com/sustaination/40050125

Said, A. S., & Kicha, D. I. (2024). Implementing health system and the new federalism in Somalia: challenges and opportunities. Frontiers in Public Health, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1205327

Statista. (2024, October 10). Global Hunger Index 2024 countries most affected by hunger. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/269924/countries-most-affected-by-hunger-in-the-world-according-to-world-hunger-index/

UN News. (2025, February 26). Somalia faces escalating crisis amid drought, conflict and price hikes. United Nations News. https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/02/1160521

UN Statistics Division. (2024). SDG Goals – Zero hunger. United Nations Statistics Division. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2024/Goal-02/

UNICEF USA. (2024). UNICEF in Somalia. UNICEF USA. https://www.unicefusa.org/what-unicef-does/where-unicef-works/africa/somalia

UNICEF. (2023, May 18). UNICEF-WHO-The World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME) — Levels and trends – 2023 edition. UNICEF DATA. https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-report-2023/

UNICEF. (2024, December 28). ‘Not the new normal’ – 2024 ‘one of the worst years in UNICEF’s history’ for children in conflict. United Nations Children’s Fund. https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/not-new-normal-2024-one-worst-years-unicefs-history-children-conflict

UNICEF. (2024). Mobile health teams save lives with early detection of malnutrition. UNICEF Somalia. https://www.unicef.org/somalia/stories/mobile-clinics-bring-healthcare-and-nutrition-services-communities

UNMAS. (2024). Implementing culturally-sensitive risk education in Somalia. United Nations Mine Action Service. https://www.unmas.org/en/implementing-culturally-sensitive-risk-education-somalia

WFP. (2025). Acute food insecurity and malnutrition rose for sixth consecutive year in world’s most fragile regions. World Food Programme. https://www.wfp.org/news/acute-food-insecurity-and-malnutrition-rose-sixth-consecutive-year-worlds-most-fragile-regions

WHO. (2024, July 24). Hunger numbers stubbornly high for three consecutive years as global crises deepen: UN report. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news/item/24-07-2024-hunger-numbers-stubbornly-high-for-three-consecutive-years-as-global-crises-deepen–un-report

WHO. (2024, March 1). Fact sheets – Malnutrition. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malnutrition/

WHO. (2024). Somalia crisis. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/somalia-crisis

World Economic Forum. (2023, March). Malnutrition in women and girls has soared 25% in crisis-hit countries. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2023/03/malnutrition-poverty-women-inequality-pregnancy/