Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

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Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

Critical appraisal of research evidence is integral to evidence-based practice (EBP). Healthcare providers should implement practices supported by updated and quality evidence (Tod et al., 2021). In this part of the Module 4 assignment, an appraisal of four peer-reviewed articles is presented. Three articles are unfiltered resources (Barr et al., 2019; Powers et al., 2023; Roubinov et al., 2022).  One article is a filtered source (Goldberg et al., 2020).  The articles were retrieved during Module 2 and Module 3 assignments using a rigorous search strategy. They relate to the PICOT question, “In adults (P), how does the implementation of mindfulness-based interventions (I) compared to traditional therapeutic interventions (C) influence the reduction of depressive symptoms (O) over six months (T)?” The appraisal focuses on how each study addressed mindfulness-based interventions for depression treatment. Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

The selected four studies based on the completed data evaluation in part 3A of the module 4 assessment all support mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in treating depressive symptoms. Barr et al. (2019) noted that mindfulness declined depressive and PTSD symptoms of military veterans. Their research also established the role of mindfulness in increasing mental health-seeking behaviors by reducing self-stigma. Another primary study by Roubinov et al. (2022) found mindfulness led to a significant reduction in depressive symptoms in pregnant women over an 8-year postpartum period. It also enhanced retention rates. The findings of Goldberg et al. (2020) and Powers et al. (2023) supported the feasibility and acceptability of mindfulness interventions in adult patients with different psychological conditions, including depression, PTSD, and anxiety. These findings indicate the efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility of MBIs to reduce depressive symptoms in adult patients. Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

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Despite the evidence supporting mindfulness as an intervention for depression, the evidence highlights implementation challenges and recommendations.  While the evidence includes level I and II evidence as determined by Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice: Evidence Level and Quality Guide, there are risks associated with the implementation (The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins University, n. d.).  For instance, Barr et al.’s (2019) study was cross-sectional research with minimal time for follow-up. Their findings may not reflect the sustainability of the intervention over time. Roubinov et al. (2022) followed up pregnant women for eight years postpartum. Although the prolonged duration allowed for the effect to be observed over time, a researcher conducting a capstone project in 12 weeks may not replicate the study. Similarly, Powers et al.’s (2023) randomized controlled trial is high-quality evidence whose sample comprised mostly women. Goldberg et al. (2020) reviewed different settings where mindfulness can be implemented, but the heterogeneity of the participants and the interventions affect result validity. Effective implementation of the findings into practice would require controlling for influencing variables, such as gender and variation in mindfulness practices.

Further investigation should be done to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing depressive symptoms. RCTs, like Powers et al.’s (2023), are appropriate research designs. Quasi-experimental studies are other alternatives that can be applied in determining the efficacy of the proposed intervention. The current study will incorporate a control group to test the impact of mindfulness on depression in adults. Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

Conclusion

      The appraised research indicates the effectiveness of mindfulness in treating depressive symptoms in various adult patient populations, including military veterans and pregnant women.  It is high-quality evidence and provides a foundation for the current research. However, the researcher will need to control for variables that could influence the outcomes, such as heterogeneity of group characteristics.

References

Barr, N., Davis, J. P., Diguiseppi, G., Keeling, M., & Castro, C. (2019). Direct and indirect effects of mindfulness, PTSD, and depression on self-stigma of mental illness in OEF/OIF veterans. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 14(6), 1026-1034. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000535.

Goldberg, S.B., Riordan, K. M., Sun, S., Kearney, D. J., & Simpson, T. L. (2020). Efficacy and acceptability of mindfulness-based interventions for military veterans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 138(10), 110232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110232.

Powers, A., Lathan, E. C., Dixon, H. D., Mekawi, Y., Hinrichs, R., Carter, S., Bradley, B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2022). Primary care-based mindfulness intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms among Black adults: A pilot feasibility and acceptability randomized controlled trial. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 15(5), 858-867. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001390.

Roubinov, D. S., Epel, E. S., Coccia, M., Coleman-Phox, K., Vieten, C., Adler, N. E., Laraia, B., & Bush, N. R. (2022). Long-term effects of a prenatal mindfulness intervention on depressive symptoms in a diverse sample of women. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 90(12), 942–949. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000776.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins University (n. d.). Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice: Appendix C: Evidence level and quality guide. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/evidence-based-practice/_docs/appendix_c_evidence_level_quality_guide.pdf.

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Tod, D., Booth, A., & Smith, B. (2021). Critical appraisal. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15(1), 52-72

IMPORTANT: THIS IS THE CONTINUATION OF PART 2 – MINDFULNESS & DEPRESSION
USE THE CRITICAL APPRASIAL WORKSHEET FOR PART A AND APA STYLE WRITING FOR PART B. USE THE ARTICLES WHICH WAS USED IN MODEL 3 AGAIN PLEASE.
SAME WRITER WHO HAS BEEN WORKING ON THIS FOR ME. Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and the four systematic reviews (or other filtered high- level evidence) you selected in Module 3.
Reflect on the four peer-reviewed articles you selected in Module 2 and analyzed in Module 3.
Review and download the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template provided in the Resources.
The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)

Part 3A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Conduct a critical appraisal of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected by completing the Evaluation Table within the Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template. Choose a total of four peer- reviewed articles that you selected related to your clinical topic of interest in Module 2 and Module 3. Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay

Note: You can choose any combination of articles from Modules 2 and 3 for your Critical Appraisal. For example, you may choose two unfiltered research articles from Module 2 and two filtered research articles (systematic reviews) from Module 3 or one article from Module 2 and three articles from Module 3. You can choose any combination of articles from the prior Module Assignments as long as both modules and types of studies are represented.

Part 3B: Critical Appraisal of Research

Based on your appraisal, in a 1-2-page critical appraisal, suggest a best practice that emerges from the research you reviewed. Briefly explain the best practice, just Depression on Self-Stigma of Mental Illness Essay