NURS 600 Assignment 3.3 Connecting Developmental Theory

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NURS 600 Assignment 3.3 Connecting Developmental Theory Student Name Maryville University NURS600 Professor June 26th, 2023 Introduction Key Facts and Findings Developmental theories play an important role in patient care irrespective of the patient’s age (Damis, 2022). The purpose of this assignment is to identify, analyze, and explain the application of a selected developmental theory to a fictional patient case, and then relate it to the treatment and management of elderly patient. I am a Nurse Practitioner in the Geriatric Population and also have a specialty in Nurse Management to explain how all the above-mentioned theories can be applied to the care plan of an elderly patients with advanced Alzheimer’s disease. It can be conclusively claimed that through promoting the patients’ developmental and psychosocial needs, their health-related quality of life is enhanced. Patient Case Patient Profile Mr. John Doe is a 78-year-old male who has been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease at an advanced stage. He has been diagnosed with diabetes and he lives with his daughter who takes care of him. He also has a son who lives in another state and who only comes to see him sometimes. Mr. Doe a hypertensive type-2 diabetic patient takes regular maintenance medicine and is a retired engineer. Suffering from this type of illness that has made him recently become a widow, he is struggling to manage this disease with the help of his family. He has a daughter, she is also involved in his daily care and she is almost always there to monitor his physical and, especially, his psychological condition given his gradually weakening dementia. Developmental Stage Analysis and Integration of Theories Freud’s Theory (Psychosexual Stages) He is now much older than the age range usually associated with psychosexual staging, these theories can still be potentially helpful in implementing Mr. John Doe’s care. In the case of Alzheimer’s disease, a patient may have anxiety and behavior problems due to external fears and conflict that is implicit (Godena et al., 2023). Although stress related to cognitive function may overwhelm him, probably the use of another defense mechanism like repression or denial may help. These automated aspects should be identified by the caregiver and addressed by speaking soothingly, ensuring the environment is in its best condition, and engaging in other activities that would disengage the anxiety system and engage the security one. Erikson’s Theory (Psychosocial Stages) Applying Erikson’s psychosocial theory, the individual described in the case, the patient Mr. John Doe, is in the stage of Integrity vs. Despair. Despair. It presents the paradox for end-of-life care to apprehend him in his heightened advanced Alzheimer’s Disease, yet there is a kind time to help him reclaim his integrity, as you discover and distill the accomplishments of his life and the part he played in creating his story. It has been established that reminiscence therapy can assist patients in maintaining their dignity and self-image, thus, discussing the positive aspects of the patient and invoking their memory of accomplishments would be helpful in this context (Trejo-Lopez et al., 2021). Furthermore, older adults still need emotional support in such aspects of life as coping with disappointment linked to unwanted cognitive changes as informed by the study of emotional development in old age to support their quality of life in this stage. Piaget’s Theory (Cognitive Development) The stages for cognitive development by Piaget cannot be used on Mr. John Doe fully since the patient is old and probably has Alzheimer’s disease which affects his cognitive functions; nonetheless, knowledge of cognitive processes is paramount in his treatment plan. It leads to dementia that causes progressive degeneration of the mental faculty, such as loss of memory and confusion. To integrate Piaget assumption, one has to acknowledge such cognitive alterations and adapt to their occurrence accordingly (Lei et al., 2021). This may involve making Mr. Doe follow a similar schedule as a way of organizing his day, having regular reminders of his activities and tasks for the day, encouraging him to do various activities that challenge the state of his mind, and developing a routine that helps him in as far as is possible as a way of improving his quality of life. Vygotsky’s Theory (Sociocultural Development) According to Vygotsky and the Socio-cultural theory of development, the current stage for learning Mr. John Doe highlights how social interaction is valued in development. Nevertheless, as it has Alzheimer’s disease, social interaction is very crucial since it helps in general welfare. When implementing Vygotsky’s theory in his care it must be noted that family members should participate in meaningful and constructive interactions with Mr. Doe. Promoting routine visits, keeping up discussions that relate to past experiences, and involving the patient in hobbies and interests can serve as significant social interaction, support, and mental challenge that promotes the continued learning process and wellbeing of the patient in the presence of the condition (Mintun et al., 2021). Smilansky’s Play Theory Smilansky’s play theory while not directly applicable to Mr. John Doe due to his young elderliness, lack of physical dexterity, and substantial memory loss due to Alzheimer’s disease, can be scaled down and altered to augment his care. By organizing and planning activities and play-like therapies, for instance, music therapy as well as arts, or recalling events that took place in the past, it becomes possible to help Mr. Doe to recall the information that he received earlier and, at the same time, get the experience of pleasure. These interventions provide a chance to experience the sensory textures of his environment, to mimic or not express feelings, and to interact with others and thereby enjoy a better quality of life irrespective of the ASD (Juan Carlos Ruíz et al., 2020). In this case, it will be possible to make use of play intervention to improve Mr. Doe’s cognition and psychosocial well-being using various individualized techniques. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory Specifically with regards to Mr. John Doe’s case, Bandura’s social learning theory emphasizing observational learning and modeling has got useful information on how provision of

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