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Paper Assignment

Assigned to Students with last names Perez through Z

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INR 3502, Fall 2021

Professor John Oates

Your assignment is to compose a paper of around 2,000 words (excluding title page and bibliography) that responds to the prompt given below. You must submit your paper through Canvas, and it should correspond to the following format guidelines: double spaced, 12 point font, with 1 inch margins. Be sure to include citations to the relevant texts in support of your argument, and include a works cited page. Any recognized citation format is acceptable. Outside research is required for this assignment, but you should limit yourself to those sources that I provide with the prompt or to any source that those readings cite themselves. Citations to questionable sources will result in lost points.

Your paper is due on Saturday, November 13th at 5:00 pm. 10 points will be deducted from the paper grade for each day it is late, with 10 points being deducted beginning at 5:01 pm on November 13. You MUST submit the paper through Canvas. If you encounter difficulties uploading the paper, email it to me before 5 pm, and you can upload it later without penalty.

Your paper will be graded according to three criteria:

(1) How accurately you present the facts: the accuracy of the argument (40%)

(2) The quality of the argument you offer in response to the prompt: the persuasiveness and originality of the argument (40%)

· Note here that the argument you make based on the discussion of the issue is a major component of this paper assignment. You should devote at least 1/3rd of the paper to the third section wherein you develop your own argument in response to the question asked in the prompt.

(3) The organization, style and grammar of the essay: the writing quality of the essay. (20%)

Compose your essay in response to the following prompt:

United Nations Security Council Reform

Since the early 1990s, there has been an extended debate within the United Nations and beyond about whether and how to reform the membership of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). While many observers agree that the Council is in need of reform in order to enhance its legitimacy and effectiveness in promoting international security, there is little agreement among UN member states about how the Council should be reformed. Various proposals have been advanced in the UN General Assembly, but they differ on questions such as whether and how many new permanent members should be added, whether those permanent members should enjoy a veto, and most contentiously who should be given these permanent seats. While this debate continues, developments such as the failure to prevent the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, the controversial Council-backed intervention in Libya in 2011, and the failure to take action to address humanitarian emergencies in Syria, Myanmar and other areas, has called the legitimacy and effectiveness of the Council into question, raising the stakes for the continued failure to agree on a plan for Council reform. How should the UN Security Council be reformed? What proposal or model of reform do you think will best improve the legitimacy and effectiveness of the Council and why?

Your paper should be organized as follows. In the first section after the introduction (1 page), discuss the purpose of the UNSC and how it is structured, including how its members are chosen (2 pages). In the second section, discuss the arguments which focus on the need for UNSC reform, detailing at least three proposals for reform that governments have proposed in the UN General Assembly (3 pages). Third and finally, make an argument for how you think the UNSC should be reformed and why (3 pages). Be sure you address the counter-arguments to the position you take in this debate, and be sure to offer reasons and warrants for the position you take on this question.

Sources for your research paper:

You must provide citations in your paper that support the claims you are making, and you must cite at least four of the sources below. Those citations must be drawn from the list of sources below or from any source that these readings cite themselves and must include the number of the page you are citing. If you locate a source not on this list (or cited by one of these readings), it must be approved by me before you can cite it in your paper. All of these readings have been posted to Canvas in the “paper assignment” module.

· Bosco, David. 2014. “Assessing the UN Security Council: A Concert Perspective.” Global Governance, Vol. 20, pp. 545-61.

· Thomas Dorfler and Madeline Holsti. 2013. “Reforming the UNSC.” In Routledge Handbook of International Organization, chapter 28.

· Edward Luck. 2011. “Chapter 10: Reform, Adaptation and Evolution,” in UN Security Council: Practice and Promise, Routledge, pp. 111-126.

· Ian Hurd. 2008. “Myths of Membership: The Politics of Legitimation in UN Security Council Reform.” Global Governance, Vol 14, pp. 199-217.

· Part 4 of the “Report of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change.” 2004. A/59/565, pp. 64-69. [This is the report where then Secretary-General Kofi Annan proposed two possible models for Security Council reform]

· Lättilä, V. and Ylönen, A. 2019. “United Nations Security Council Reform Revisited: A Proposal.” Diplomacy & Statecraft, 30(1), pp.164-186.

· Hosli, Madeleine O., and Thomas Dörfler. 2020. “The United Nations Security Council: History, Current Composition, and Reform Proposals.” In The Changing Global Order, pp. 299-320. Springer.

· Bruce Russett. 1996. “Ten Balances for Weighing UN Reform Proposals.” Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 111, No. 2

· Tharoor, S. 2011. “Security Council Reform: Past, Present, and Future.” Ethics & International Affairs, 25(4), pp.397-406.

· Cox, Brian. 2009. “United Nations Security Council reform: Collected Proposals and Possible Consequences.” South Carolina Journal of Int’l Law & Business, Vol. 6, pp. 89-128.